腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术与开放式腹膜前疝修补术治疗股疝的疗效比较

目的比较腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）与开放式腹膜前疝修补术治疗股疝的手术结果和对生活质量的影响。 方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2019年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的58例股疝患者的临床资料，根据手术方式不同分为TAPP组和开放式腹膜前疝修补术组（开放组），TAPP组31例，开放组27例。比较两组手术指标，采用卡罗来纳舒适量表（CCS）评估并比较两组患者术前及术后1、6、12和24个月的生活质量。 结果TAPP组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院天数及术后并发症发生率等方面和开放组相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；TAPP组在术后24 h疼痛视觉模拟评分及术后镇痛药使用率方面明显优于开放组（P<0.05）；TAPP组术后离床时间及术后首次进食时间长于开放组（P<0.05）；2组患者术后随访24个月，均无复发病例。两种术式均能有效改善患者术前的疼痛、运动受限及总体生活质量（P<0.05）；TAPP组患者术后1个月疼痛及总体生活质量优于开放组（P<0.05）。 结论TAPP与开放式腹膜前疝修补术均可有效治疗股疝。TAPP可作为无全身麻醉禁忌股疝患者的首选治疗方法。股疝的治疗应依据患者的自身情况和手术医师的技术掌握程度制定个体化治疗方案。     

1972—2016年江苏省启东市胃癌死亡流行特征分析

目的分析江苏省启东市1972—2016年胃癌死亡流行特征。方法收集启东市1972—2016年恶性肿瘤死亡登记数据库及历年人口资料, 计算死亡率、中国人口标化率(中标率)、世界人口标化率(世标率)、35～64岁截缩率、0～74岁累积死亡率、累积死亡风险、变化百分比、死亡率年均变化百分比。结果 1972—2016年启东市胃癌死亡例数为15 863例, 占全部恶性肿瘤死亡例数的16.04%, 胃癌死亡率为31.37/10万, 中标率为12.97/10万, 世标率为21.39/10万, 35～64岁截缩死亡率为28.86/10万, 0～74岁累积死亡率为2.54%, 胃癌死亡累积风险为2.51%。男性死亡10 114例, 男性死亡率、中标率、世标率分别为40.53/10万、17.98/10万和30.13/10万;女性死亡5 749例, 女性死亡率、中标率、世标率分别为22.45/10万、8.52/10万和13.92/10万。25岁以下各年龄组的死亡率<1/10万, 死亡率随年龄的增长而升高, 50～岁组达到并超过人群的平均死亡率水平, 80～岁组达到死亡高峰。1972—2016年间胃癌死...     

经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用

目的 探究经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面(TAP)神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用效果.方法 选择2019年1月至2021年2月深圳市宝安区福永人民医院收治的90例拟行经脐单孔腹腔镜妇科手术的患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为TAP神经阻滞组(A组)、罗哌卡因切口局部浸润组(B组)和对照组各30例.A组患者在麻醉诱导后予TAP神经阻滞处理,B组患者在术后给予罗哌卡因切口局部浸润处理,对照组无镇痛处理.比较三组患者术后12 h、24 h、48 h、96 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、术后恢复指标(下床时间、排气时间、住院时间)及术后不良反应发生情况(恶心呕吐、头痛头晕、创口瘙痒、嗜睡).结果 A组患者术后12 h、24 h的VAS评分分别为(1.91±0.89)分、(1.43±0.77)分,与B组术后12 h、24 h的(1.88±1.03)分、(1.51±0.81)分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组和B组均明显低于对照组的(3.12±1.23)分、(2.55±1.41)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组患者术后48 h的VAS评分为(0.72±0.48)分,明显低于B组和对照组的(1.19±0.65)分、(1.91±1.03)分,且B组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后96 h,三组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组患者术后下床时间、住院时间分别为(55.89±5.98)min、(3.78±0.56)d,明显短于B组的(68.13±6.12)min、(5.21±0.64)d和对照组的(103.42±7.21)min、(7.92±0.58)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者术后排气时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组和B组患者术后不良反应总发生率分别为6.67％,13.33％,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组与B组患者的不良反应总发生率明显低于对照组的36.67％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用能够有效缓解患者的术后疼痛感,有利于术后康复,值得临床推广.     

Identifying Trends of Percutaneous Injuries at an Australian Dental School

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to retrospectively examine trends in percutaneous exposure incidences (PEIs) at the School of Dentistry (SoD) from 2009 to 2019 and to report on the underreporting rate of PEIs, current attitudes, and awareness of PEI safety protocols from clinical staff and students at the SoD in 2019.MethodsRetrospective data were collected from deidentified archival incident reports from 2009 to 2019 from the SoD's incident reporting system (UQSafe and Legacy Database). Additionally, cross-sectional data were collected via the validated Percutaneous Exposure Incident Questionnaires (PEIQ) completed by clinical staff and students of the SoD in 2019.ResultsFrom the archival data, the majority (79.9%) of the 618 reported PEIs involved students. Local anaesthetic-related procedures were the most common cause in the archival (31.5%) and survey data (23.7%), whereas the needle-prick was the most common causative instrument in both data sets. Additionally, the finger was the most common site of injury found in the archival (53.0%) and survey data (52.8%). From 345 responses to the survey, 42.1% of PEIs sustained were not reported.ConclusionsStudents were at a higher risk of sustaining a PEI than staff members between 2009 and 2019. The reported knowledge on PEI classification and preventative measures is inadequate, suggesting that further PEI education is necessary. The study provides evidence of the trends in PEIs as well as data on the attitudes and awareness of student and staff at a dental teaching faculty to support the development of PEI safety management protocols.     

China special issue on gastrointestinal tumors-Improved survival after multidisciplinary team decision for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer: A multicenter,noninterventional, controlled study

Formal multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions in clinical practice require time and space but have unclear survival benefits for advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients. Our study aimed to investigate the long-term survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer after MDT decision. From June 2017 to June 2019, continuous MDT discussions on advanced gastrointestinal cancer were conducted in 13 medical centers in China. MDT decisions and actual treatment received by patients were prospectively recorded. The primary endpoint was the difference in overall survival (OS) between patients in the MDT decision implementation and nonimplementation groups. The secondary endpoints included the implementation rate of MDT decisions and subgroup survival analysis. A total of 461 MDT decisions of 455 patients were included in our study. The implementation rate of MDT decisions was 85.7%. Previous treatment had an impact on MDT decision-making. The OS was 24.0 months and 17.0 months in the implementation and nonimplementation groups, respectively. The implementation of MDT decisions significantly reduced the risk of death in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio = 0.518; 95% confidence interval: 0.304-0.884, P = .016). Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference in survival of patients with colorectal cancer, but not in survival of patients with gastric cancer. The rate of secondary MDT discussion was only 5.6% among patients who the MDT decisions were discontinued due to changes in their condition. MDT discussion can prolong the OS of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, especially those with colorectal cancer. Timely scheduling of the subsequent MDT discussion is necessary when the disease condition changes.